Optimasi Suhu Reaksi Sintesis Senyawa LiFePO4 Menggunakan Prekursor Lithium Sulfat Sebagai Sumber Ion Lithium
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Abstract
ABSTRAK
Dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan konsumsi energi, maka semakin meningkat pula kebutuhan akan peralatan untuk mengkonversi energi dan menyimpannya, seperti baterai lithium. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) menjadi salah satu alat yang paling mendapat perhatian karena dianggap memiliki densitas energi yang tinggi. Senyawa LiFePO4 (LIPO) mulai dilirik sebagai alternatif yang paling cocok menggantikan LiCoO2 sebagai katoda pada baterai lihium karena memiliki stabilitas termal yang tinggi. Pada penelitian ini, dipelajari pengaruh kondisi reaksi sintesis LiFePO4 menggunakan metode solid state reaction yang dioptimasi dengan memvariasikan suhu kalsinasi. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah Li2SO4. H2O , FeSO4. 4H2O dan NH4PO4 dengan ratio molar 1:1:0,5. Sintesis dengan metode solid state reaction ini dilakukan dengan memvariasikan suhu kalsinasi 600o, 650o dan 700 oC selama 5 jam untuk membentuk fase kristalin LiFePO4. Difraktogram LiFePO4 hasil sintesis dibandingkan dengan difraktogram standar LiFePO4 - JCPDS 40-1499. Ketiga variasi suhu ini menghasilkan difraktogram yang sangat identik dengan standar LiFePO4, namun demikian pada suhu 700 oC dianggap menjadi kondisi yang optimum untuk menghasilkan LiFePO4 dengan tingkat kemiripan yang lebih baik dengan LiFePO4 rujukan atau standar. Li2SO4 adapat dijadikan precursor sumber lithium dalam sintesis material LiFePO4.
ABSTRACT
The increasing for energy consumption, the need for electrical devices to convert energy and store it also increases, such as lithium ion battery. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have received the wide attention because they are considered to have high energy density. LiFePO4 (LIPO) compounds are starting to be regarded as the most suitable alternative to replace LiCoO2 as a cathode in lithium ion batteries because it has high thermal stability. In this study, the reaction conditions for the synthesis of LiFePO4 utilized the solid state reaction method which was optimized by varying the calcination temperature was examined. The raw material used in this synthesis is Li2SO4. H2O, FeSO4. 4H2O and NH4PO4 with a molar ratio of 1:1:0.5. The synthesis method was carried out at high temperature calcination of 600o, 650o and 700oC for 10 hours to form a crystalline LiFePO4 phase. The synthesized LiFePO4 diffractogram was compared with the diffractogram standard of LiFePO4 - JCPDS 40-1499. These three temperature variations resulted in diffractogram that was very identical to the standard LiFePO4, however at 700oC it was considered to be the optimum condition to produce LiFePO4 with a better similarity to the reference LiFePO4. The Li2SO4 can be utilized as a precursor of ion sources in the synthesis of cathode material LiFePO4.
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